Tameghra gh iffus n Tmazgha

Abdallah MEZIG (mezigabdallah@caramail.com)  

  tega tmeghra asatur lli izdin nger snat tferkiwin gh tudert n ufgan. tamezwarut illa gis yan d ayeddars ur fellas tella kraygat tamasayt, igh izeri s tiss snat tferkiwin ar fellas ttili tmasayt ad isker tawja nes lli sers iZelin.

         igh nessen mas-dd kraygat amadan dars tagharast nes lli sa izzeray tameghra, afgan amazigh ula nettan dars mennawt tmyurin ar tent iskar gh ussan n tmeghra.

igh nera ad-nn nagg° s tmeyurin ad, ira-dd nasi s umdeya « tameghra gh ict » yan uDewwar gh iDuran n iffus n Lmeghreb lli sul yumeZn tawessna tamazight gh iZuran.

ira-d nebder tiferkiwin lli sa tezray tmeghra gh ict zzegh igh tessenti ar igh teheyya.  

           igh ilkem ufrukh tizi magh iskar tamghart  ar dids ttejmmaAen ayeddars mas-t-id iqqan ad-nn isiggel. ar-d ttemcackan ilemma f  trbit lli ra-nn ssiggeln, gh tugett tameghart ad istayn i yiwis tarbit lli tera acku nettat ad issen istis n tmazirt uggar n irgazen.

         ar teddan ayeddars n uAezri s dar midden lli stin ad-nn darsen siggiln ssutern asen tafrukht i yiwitsen. igh ur-ta asen-d ruren hann ar-d tturrin s tgemmi ar-d ten-id ilkem urur nsen. Igh asen ruren f useqqsi nesen gh akud ann nit hann ar ttebbin ajmuA f wass n tzgawt.

gh ussiggel drus ma-dd ittawin ineghmisen gh ayt tmazirt is illa acku ar ittuwHDi. ar kigh ssenn midden is tella tzgawet  

           igh ilkem wass lli f-d mcuckan iDulan, ar ttawin ayt uAzeri i ayt trbit tazgawt gh llanet mennawt tghawesiwin: snat tyyigiwin n idukan, lHenna, tamleHaft, adghar, tifyyi gh uferaw, snat telbeTTatin n zzit, sin leqwalib n ssekk°ar...mayad illa zikk ghil-ad ar-nn akkan gigan n tghawsiwin lli sul ur tusi tzgawt gh llan ihdumen itraren, urZiyen... yili mad-nn yakkan idrimen gh umeras n tghawsiwin ad.

ar sebrraken ayddares n uAzeri s iDulan nsen s tg°ella n usengar gh mayad izerin ghil ad is asen akk° sekaren tiremt.

         igh zerin mennaw ussan ar-d swwirrayen ayddares n ufrukh tazgawt i ayt tfrukht  ar-d gis ittili : tilluza, tiglay newanin, Tajin inewan. yili ghil-ad mad yaqqeran i midden n tmazirt ad dares ccin igh as-d twirri tzgawt.

         ukan igh-d nucka ad nzer tazgawt ad mad tga ar-tt-inn nettafa is tega abriH n usigel, acku ar-d ttawin ayt tmazirt ineghmisen mas illa usiggel.  

         igh ag°uren kraD ussan i tmeghra ad tessenti ar aTTan ayt isli ula ayt tslit tumZin d irreden ghusnin fadd ad asen-ten-id ZDin gh izergan nsen fadd ilemma ad yafuf.  ar dagh ttawsen i bab n tmeghra ad-d yagwem aman izdem-d.

mayad ar agh immala tamunt d twisi nger ayt tmazirt gh tmukrisin nsen.

         macc ghil-ad lli gha nezzant tghawsiwin ur sul seghawsan midden s mad skaren tafreka ad ura sul ttuwskir.  

           ar-nn ttmunnt tmgharin tazedwit dar ayt tslit ar seg°udiyent TumZin lli-d didsnet ttawint, gint tarragt i tslit, salant ilemma ar ZZadent tujjut lli ra-d-nn yili gh lqimet (atig). gh yat tizi ar-d ttackanet kra n tmgharin zzegh tigemmi n ayt isli fadd ad-d zenizwint ag°udi lli n TmZin, fadd ad khayrant isett tslit ula nettenti ad ddunt ad-nn rwint tin ayt isli gh tgemmi nsen.  

         tazdwit ann nit igh salant tmgharin iZiD, irgazen ar qqerusn i tikhsi lli rad ccin midden gh tmghera. ar skaren ilemma zzennan ar aqqeran i mennaw midden gh tmazirt s dar wazdwit negh imensi fadd ad-t ccin. ukan Zerin nit willi rad yawes azekka ad fkin i midden ad ccin.

dar ayt isli ar ittili zzennan tazdwit n wass lli-gha cettan midden dar ayt tslit.       

         ass ad ar cettan midden dar ayt tslit. ar-nn ttizwiren TTelba, zikk igh-d tugga tafukt, ar aqqeran ttefriq (leqq°ran) ad ssufghen sselukt, ccin tiremt ffughn. fadd ilemma ad-nn keccimn irgazen lli-nn yag°urn.

tazdwit  tega tin tmgharin lli cettanin ar kigh Dernt tillas. tizi ad nit lli gha cettant tmgharin ar-nn ttackant tmgharin yaDnin zzegh tigemmi n ayt isli mmiqqirent d tilli ghin illan ad skernt icumac.  

-         icumac:

tizi igh-d uckant isett icumac ar-d ttawint tazgawt lli gha ittili : talfeTTert n lHenna, tara, tawserghint, zzeAferan, ttswik, Timctt, lemri, lbekhur. igh-nn lkemnt ar cettant ibriyen.

ar ttgiwirnt skernt aHwac n icumac s tallghatin n umarg. igh kkanent imikk ar-d tteffughent snat gisent yat tega zzegh tawja n isli tayyaD zzegh tin tslit ar ttHucent gh tuZZumt n tmgharin ad ukan kkint kra ar neTTernt s ufus afasi s ufella ad zerent manta rad yattuy f khta-nn yaDen.

igh-d nitti s iwaliwen n tallghat  lli ttinint ar neZrra mas-dd amarg ur injim i ik°enasen lli llanin nger iDuran n sus lli bDanin f snat trubba meqqurnin tagizult d taHgg°at. mayad afa-nn nettafa isett Ict ar ttalghent inemghuren n tgizult ( Ubrahim, Id buAecra, Utmanart…) acku Ict ula nettan iga gh tgizult.

talleghat tega ghik ad :

bismi nekcemd asarag umlil ad s lkhir

ayan gis ur illin iga H leAdu lli-dd cerriH

ubrahim a ras lAin iH-d akk° injamaA

ar itteluH lbujat n waman kuyan dreAnt

Id buAecra timuzunin kullu granin

iIlint lmerjan lHurr ar itteAjjab kuyan

alghamt iwati utmanart lli igan

Ifrig i ddunit ur iHul ura ttedullun

ccikh a sidi Hmad umusa asserk indeh yan

meqqar ddan ar dar irumiyen irin add wirrin

aqeccab llbaruD att iles walli igan

ula aHayk afilal ikcem yiwen nit i lqber

tilila taglayt yaruden tili H maleqqa

tili Hi ifassen ar tsufu ghmk-ann uwDinar

a ccikh a sidi Hmad u muHmmad

aygan lqaDi nayt lAilem

a ccikh a sidi Hmad u muHmmad

ad aH -d isahel rebbi rriH n umarg

            igh heyyant icumac ar tteggant tmgharin aghrum gh tzegawt rarnt-stt s tgemmi n ayt isli. gh yiD n wass ann igh illa uHwac n irgazen dar ayt tslit, ar skarent tmgharin lHenna n twenza lligh ann ttemiqqirent tutmin dar tslit aDernt  lHenna ar-t tteggant i twenziwin nsent. igh heyyant sseneggefent tislit. 

       ar ttili gh ass-ann tiremt dar ayt isli, zund ghik lli s ccan dar ayt tslit

- azeggir:

tazdwit igha cettant tmgharin, ar-nn ttmunan irgazen dar ayt tslit fadd ad zzegern tislit. ar ittegiwir unezzarfu (lAadel) lli ra-d yara akaras (lkighD n nnikaH) yili gh tama nes amezza (lukil) n isli d win tslit. fadd ad Zrin atig (leqimt) lli rad fekin ayddars n tslit i illitsen ad-stt  tawi s tgemmi nes ar Zerran tighawsiwin lli gis llanin yat s yat kuyat gin as atig nes fadd ilemma ad tnet izemmim unezzarfu gh yat tifert lli ittemunan d ukaras. tighawsiwin ad ar gis ttilint tujjutin, aman jjanin, ihdumen, idukan, iqcucen…

igh iheyya uzeggir ar ttasin ayt isli atig fadd ad-t awin s uHanu n tslit gh tgemmi nes tamaynut.

- RRwaH :

zzegh igh tessenti tmeghra ar teHDDu tslit gh tgemmi ur att zerrant amer tmgharin lli rad as iHiyyel. gh tsga yann yaDnin isli ula nettan iqqant-id add bahra ur itteffugh, ar istay mennaw imeddukkal nes ad as gin islan.

igh radd truH tslit, ar tteddunt tmgharin zzegh dar ayt isli add-stt-id awint gh tgemmi n babas s tgemmi n isli, ar didsent ttawint : ssekkar, lHenna, aHayk, liZar, aAbruq, idukan.

igh-nn lkemnt ar-d ttasint aHayk kuyat tamZ tama nes ar sres tessenggaf, igh kkant imikk ddunt mennawt gisnt awin-dd tislit ssekcemn-t-st s ddu uHayk sslesent as gis aAmam (RRezza) lli gha ittili uAbruq d leHbaq, ukan igh heyyant imurig n tneggift ar ssutulent aHayk fadd ad-st-id ssufghent ad-stt awint s tgemmi lli-gh illa isli :

                 Taneggift

abesmi llah uSalli Aala nnabi rasul llah

ayarcac n tagut add ig rebbi anZar

ayyut tiHuDigin TumZin attent igan

g°ma Henna new ayyid ighran inna

riH ayyi tbiddemt ayisettema

aberraH s uberraH mamu cciH

tameghra nes ad ccin t-iyelli

a TTelba d inagan as am ibesi

babam tawenza nem ayelli

ar helli tteRebbuH ayyis leHurr

ayelliH-d ibidd umessagh awint

aylli maH tegit tisura

tisura n babam ur tent usiH

Hurma nnun ayiDulan neH

gat lejwad imen ang wiyyaD

mas uwnir awyam-dd anir

att neklu s leHrir d wurgh

aha yan g°ma merHba sres

niw-id yat tslit zund ayyur

igan H igenna sin d mraw

Sifd amt aH yaggug ugharas

IH yaggug tensimt dar-neH

nefl-nn nit tarwa meZZiynin

Ira neSrf ma-tten-id ittawin

Llan kullu H lebruj Alanin

gan kullu tarwa iymgharen

aymminu cawri-d g°ma

lli meqquren mas-d nnan

ad dduH neH-dd ad ur dduH

att ddut as am-d nnan

att ddut a tibniAezzit

att ddut aym iTTeArd lekhir

iqqen babam aAmam

wi llejdid a tislit

LeHurma n rebbi aH tellit

Iwallen uwgdud a tislit

igh rad teffugh tslit gh tgemmi n babas ar zwar akkan ayt isli, i g°mas      iqqariDen fadd ad asen irZem taggurt.

    gh dar isli, ar tqqelen islan s tmgharin acku nettni ar ad asen-dd irZem, isli nettan uhu iqqant-id ad-nn iHbu ad-t ur Zerint tmgharin ula isawl sresnet, igh-nn usinet tislit. ar-tt-in srusent gh tghmert fadd ad-d ffaghent ura-nn ittagur amer tasuqqiyt lli-nn teSRuf mas n tslit ad tesewwuri i illis unck lli tkka gh tgemmi n rrewah.

         zikk n wass, ar tteffughn islan munn d isli add Huwwsen gh igran gh tizi ad nit ar-nn keccement id mmu tg°ella lli-d disent ittawin mennawt tghawsiwin zund ssekkar, atay, aman jjanin, lebkhur d tg°ella lli rad ghin ccint.

         igh-d kecemn islan d isli ar tefDarn s TTajin lli asen-d tessifiD mas n tslit.

         azal kullut ar-d ttackan iferkhan d tferkhin ad-d kkin dar isli d tslit ad asen-d fkin iraman lli gha ittili : kawkaw, tifizza, lfanid, tilkiksin, ikiker (leHimz)

         tazdwit n wass ann nit ar-nn ttemunent id mmu tkelma dar tslit kkisent as aAmam fadd ad as sselsint takelma : lli igan zund aqelmun n TaDutt ar -t lessant i yikhef assenett s umelul (ifili n TaDutt). selsent as ddewwaH, ikhersan, timHidit, tareddaHt, lemcbuH… fadd ad ttirirnet taneggift n tkelma.  

takelma

bismi llah radd neluH tig°urin

gh°emanin jjanin s rriHan

illi Ha isuddum lefdam aman

rebbiH azzar nes i illi

taZerZit lli sa terzzi lalla ult

muHmed as am nit reZiH

ayemmi cuddu-yy-inn takelma new

azekka icuddu yyit ufus inew

uSSamet iyelli a timneggfin

s ujmuA n tswak tiddi uwzur

aHanu ayelli yuger taghzut

issusAat rebbi d wallit ibenan

ma Ha ttaglen sa TTelba tillewaH

ma Ha ttagl yat trbit leHrir

yan am innan ghli-d dari

tinit as ghli-d kyyin dari

aha izeghi nem izuzwa nit

a ha lHenna igh°man dari

a ha tesswik leHurr dari

ayelli new ad am ur ttinint

amr kraT trbAiyin uwggren

ayelli new ad am ur ttinint

IH-d yad nezdem tawit ighil

ayelli new ad am ur ttinint

IH-d yad nugem tawit aman

ayelli new iH am yad inna

qqen-d immi tennit as

Immik at-teg immi

Hurma nnunt atadJarin

mamu-nn faleH illi gratunt

tefulki illi trced illi

nekkni ur-ta nssin mat-tg  illim

iH ur turu taru tfunast

yili usetta H ugh°g°emmi

yili unZar nedun ikecuden

         igh Derent tillas n wass ann ar itteddu isli d islan nes fadd ad issudem ikhef n tDegg°alt nes (mas n tslit) ar as ittawi mennaw lqewalb n ssekk°ar ar as-d takka tafullust. ghil ad ar as-d akkan izimmer  

       igh zerin kraD ussan f tmeghra ar zzerzafn ayddares n tslit illi tsen. ar-d dar sen ttacka s tgemmi tazdwit nettat d tmgharin lli mu ghran ayddares. fadd ad ccint wazdwit Hucent.

           igh izri imalas f tmeghra ar-d dagh aqqeran ayddars n tslit i yilli tsen ann dagh darsen tekk zund igh as mmalan agharas lli illan nger tgemmi n urgaz nes d tin ayeddares.   

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